Apparatus for vaporizing liquids by means of accumulated heat



A. BREISIG 1,733,292

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING LIQUIDS BY MEANS OF ACCUIULATBD HEAT Filed April 21, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 29, 1929. A. BREISIG 1,733,292

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING LIQUIDS BY MEANS OF ACCUMULATED HEAT Filed April 21, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'MN/A'AMW Patented Get. 29, 1929 UNlTED STATES ALBERT BREISIG, F V EETIIA, AUSTRIA APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING LIQUIDS BY MEANS OF ACGUMULATED HEAT Application filed April 21, 1924, Serial No. $08,932, and. in Germany May 22, 1923.

This invention relates to heat accumulating bodies serving simultaneously for generating steam.

For gasifying fuel water vapors are used in many cases which vapors are at regular intervals introduced into the fuel column.

The idea presents itself of accumulating the heat of the waste gases of the gasifying plant by means of an iron body, which is capable 10 of rapidly taking up the heat and giving it off again, and of utilizing this heat for the generation of the water vapors. team generators of this kind exist already in other lines of industry, the heat accumulating body of which known Vaporizers consists of iron bars or rails having circular or square sections and being arranged in the vaporizer so as to form crossing layers. But for the purpose of gasifying fuel this kind of accumulating body does not work satisfactorily.

Owing to the section of the iron rails the resistance offered by them to the passing gases is rather small and consequently for obtaining perfect transferring of the heat, the accumulator should have to be of such size as is practically impossible. Trials have therefore been made to replace the iron rails by a filling, which consisted of broken pieces of iron having an irregular form. But this caused also the heating and cooling to take place in an irregular manner, a further drawback being, that obstructions easily occur, from which serious disturbances and interruptions of working result. For these reasons generation of the steam by means of boilers has not been abandoned up till toda although the generation by means of heat accumulators would not only reduce the costs of the plant to a considerable extent, but also those of working it.

Now I have found a way for doing away with the above indicated disadvantages of the heat accumulator by a special form of the rails constituting the heat accumulating body. According to my present invention the section of these rails is chosen tectiform (roof-shaped). Thereby the heating gases are forced to pass through the accumulating body in sinuous lines having very many curv- 0 atures and to flow broadly against the lower surface of the rails,thus transferring their heat entirely to the rails. Also the water injected into the vaporizer has to take its way in sinuous lines and takes up the heat from the rails without finding any possibility of forming pools.

As material for such rails having tectiform sections preferably angle-bars are employed, the use of which is also to be recommended for the reason, that they can easily be procured, if any change or repairs will become necessary. These angle bars are laid side by side in horizontal layers in the same manner as the bars of a fire-grate, and are supported by carriers keeping also up the space between the single layers. According to the invention the carriers are arranged vertically one above the other so as to transfer directly the entire load (weight of the body) to the bottom, on which the body rests, without subjecting the rails to any bending strain. For facilitating and ensuring the regular arrangement of the angle bars, the carriers may be provided with noses and notches determining the horizontal distances between the angle bars of each layer.

The drawing shows an example of embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 being a sectional elevation and Fig. 2 part of a sectional elevation at right angle to that ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 shows the bottom part of the vaporizer by a sectional elevation analogous to that of Fig. 1, but at an enlarged scale.

The vaporizer 1 may be placed above the regenerator, receiving the waste gases directly from the latter. Bythe duct 2 these gases escape from the vaporizer. The entire space of the chamber is filled up with angle bars 3, resting on their edges and being arranged parallel to one another. The bars of two succeeding layers are arranged alternately in such manner, that the gases flowing upward in the passage between two rails ofthe one layer are bound to stream against the lower surface of the rails of the next upper layer. The carriers 4 keep the space between the layers, each of them is placed vertically above that of the next layer (see Fig. 2) so as to avoid any bending strain being exerted on the bars by the weight of the column above each layer of bars. By the noses 5 and the notches 6 the horizontal dis tances between the rails are ensured. These carriers may be made from flat bar iron, which by swaging may simultaneously be provided with the noses 5 and the notches 6.

As is easily understood, the hot gases entering at. the bottom in the direction of the arrow 11 will rise between the rails and heat them up. After the passage of the gases being cut off water is injected by means of the nozzles 7 and, running down in counter current to the gases on the roof-like sides of the rails is evaporated thereby. The steam escapes in the downward direction, as shown by the arrow 12 (Fig. 3) through the open spaces, through which the hot gases are introduced. If. part of the water should not be evaporated, it is collected by the chamfers (gutters) 8, from where it can be conducted outward by the drain pipe 10.

It isobvious that an effect superior to that of known vaporizers of similar type used for other purposes caniin view of the particular sectional form of the bars only be obtained, if. the hot gases are, as has beendescribed in the foregoing, driven through the heating chamber in the upward direction and the liquid is admitted at the top thereof. Only under these conditions the gases striking against the flat bases of the triangular bars will meet such resistance, as-will considerably reduce their speed and thus cause them to give up a relatively higher percentage of theirheat to the iron bars, whilst on the other hand the liquid'is distributed on the slanting side surfaces of the bars in very thin layers and'there is no possibility of thicker. layers being formed throughout the entire space of the chamber, I

As the rails of all the layers are arranged parallel, the entire body can easily be in spected through the doors 9. If after pr0 longated use-of the vaporizingbody its workingshould not be quite satisfactory any more, single rails, which may have become defective, can easily be replaced by new ones.

I wishit to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details-as shown and described, for obvious-modications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

WVhat' I claim is:

1. An apparatus for vaporizing liquids comprising a heat proof chamber, a pluralityof inverted V-shaped metal-bars within said chamber, all of which bars are arranged parallel to each other in superposed horizontal layers and in staggered relationto the bars of thenext adjacent layer, and means for alternately admitting hot gases at the bottom and the liquid to be vaporized at the, top into the interior of the chamber.

2. An apparatus for vaporizing liquids comprisingaheat proof chamber, a plurality of inverted V-shaped metal-bars within said chamber, all of which bars are arranged parallel to each other in superposed horizontal layers and in staggered relation to the bars of the next adjacent layer, a plurality of spacing bars interposed between each layer of the V-shaped metal bars and provided with projections and notches adaptedto assure the position of theV-shaped bars, and means for alternately admitting hot gases at the bottom and the liquid to be vaporized at the top into the interior ofthe chamber.

3. An apparatus for vaporizing liquids comprising a heat proof chamber, a plurality of, invertedV-shaped metal-bars within said chamber, all of which bars are arranged parallel to each other insuperposed horizontal layers and instaggered relation to the bars of the next adjacent layer, a plurality ofspacing bars interposedbetween eachlayer ofthe V-shapedbarsandprovided.with a plurality of projectionsanda notch diametrically opposite each projection, said projections being spaced the distance'between the endsofthe legs of one of'said V-shaped bars, the notches restingon the apices thereof, and means for alternately admitting hot. gases at the bottom andthe liquid to be vaporized atv the top into the interior of the chamber.

In testimony whereof I have afixed my signature.

ALBERT BREISIG. 

